<p>The Great Road Historic District is a historic district in Lincoln, Rhode Island, commemorating a portion of Rhode Island&#39;s oldest highway, dating back to 1683. Great Road served as the main connection between Providence, Hartford and Worcester during colonial times. The district includes a 0.6 mi section of the road, which winds along the Moshassuck River between a junction with Breakneck Hill Road and another with Front Street. Notable historic properties along this stretch of road include the National Historic Landmark Eleazer Arnold House, a stone-ender built in 1687, which is now a museum operated by Historic New England, the 1812 Moffett Mill, the Israel Arnold House, and Hearthside, the 1810 home of Stephen Smith, who established the adjacent Butteryfly Mill in 1811.</p><br>
<p>The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974.</p><br>
<p>The Thomas P. Ives House is a National Historic Landmark at 66 Power Street in the College Hill in Providence, Rhode Island. Built in 1803–06, this brick house is an extremely well-preserved and little-altered example of Adamesque-Federal style. The house was built by Caleb Ormsbee, a Providence master builder, for Thomas Poynton Ives, a wealthy merchant. Although two of its principal chambers were redecorated in the 1870s, these alterations were reversed in the 1950s. The house was in Ives family hands for more than 150 years. It was designated a National Historic Landmark on December 30, 1970.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Ives House is a -story brick structure, with a hip roof surrounded by a low balustrade. The front facade and sides are laid in Flemish bond, while the back wall is laid in American bond. The front is five bays wide, with a single-story circular porch (an 1884 addition) sheltering the centered entry. The doorway is flanked by sidelight windows and topped by an elliptical fanlight. On the right side of the house is a projecting bay, which originally was a single story but now rises the full three stories. The main roof cornice is modillioned.</p><br>
<p>The first floor of the interior is a grand and imposing presence. The central hallway is ten feet wide, with rooms on either side and a stairway that spirals upward. The main parlor is to the right, with an oval library in the center, and a smoking room at the back. On the left is the dining room, with a pantry and kitchen behind. The public rooms are decorated in delicate Adamesque woodwork, with the parlor and dining room also featuring particularly elaborate plaster decoration.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Thomas Poynton Ives (1759–1835) was a wealthy merchant, who received his training in the counting house of Nicholas Brown Sr., married Brown&#39;s daughter Hope, and in 1796 formed the partnership of Brown & Ives with Nicholas Brown Jr., for whom Brown University is named. Ives hired Caleb Ormsbee to build this house, which was built between 1803 and 1806. The house remained in the hands of the Ives family until 1910. At that time it was sold to Brown University, retaining a lifetime occupancy right for owners.</p><br>
<p>The house underwent a number of relatively modest alterations. Gas lighting and central heat were added in 1848, and French doors were added to the library in 1910. The most significant ones occurred in the 1870s, when the dining room and library were redecorated in the Colonial Revival style. This work was removed in 1954, replaced by Federal styling more in keeping with the rest of the house. A period fireplace mantel from Philadelphia was installed in the dining room as part of this work.</p><br>
<p>The house was designated a National Historic Landmark and listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1970</p><br>
<p>The Joseph Reynolds House  is a historic house at 956 Hope Street  in Bristol, Rhode Island, United States, built c. 1698–1700. The three-story wood-frame house is one of the oldest buildings in Bristol and the oldest known three-story building in Rhode Island. It exhibits distinctive, well-preserved First Period features not found in other houses, despite an extensive history of adaptive alterations. It is further significant for its use by the Marquis de Lafayette as headquarters during the American Revolutionary War. It was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1983.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The main block of the house is five bays wide and three deep and is built using braced-stud construction. The roof extends lower to the rear, giving the house a classic New England saltbox appearance. The front roof line is decorated with a rare plaster cove cornice. An ell extends to the rear of the house, originally 1½ stories but raised to two stories in 1790.</p><br>
<p>The interior of the house follows a center hall plan with four rooms on each floor, two on either side of the central hall and stairwell. Two rooms on the north side of the house have wood panels with bolection molding and a marbleized finish, some of which was reproduced after fire damage sustained in 1976. The main block of the house originally had two internal chimneys, but the one on the north side was removed at an unknown date. The original south chimney was replaced c. 1820 with a smaller one. Other alterations at the same time included changes to the kitchen space in the rear ell.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Nathaniel Reynolds was one of the original settlers of Bristol in 1680 when it was part of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. His son Joseph built this house, and also operated a tannery and gristmill on his land. It was during the ownership of the house by his son Joseph II that the Marquis de Lafayette occupied the north parlor chamber. Lafayette was a general in the Continental Army and was responsible for the defense of Bristol and Warren from September 7 to 23, 1778 during failed military operations to drive the British from occupied Newport.</p><br>
<p>The house remained in Reynolds family hands until 1927. In the 1950s, its owners converted the building into apartments, but subsequent owners restored it to single-family use and began to restore the property.</p><br>
<p>The Reynolds House was also known to be home to 4 enslaved Africans owned by Mr. Reynolds.</p><br>
<p>The Wakelon School is a historic school building located in Zebulon, Wake County, North Carolina, a suburb of Raleigh. Wakelon was designed by architect Charles E. Hartge and was built in 1908. It served as an elementary school until the student population became too large for the facility. GlaxoSmithKline purchased Wakelon School from the Town of Zebulon in 1986 and used the building for office space. In March 2007 voters approved to repurchase Wakelon to be used as the new town hall. Renovations began in early 2008.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976.</p><br>
<p>The Apex Union Depot is a historic railroad station located on Salem Street in downtown Apex, North Carolina and is the centerpiece of the Apex Historic District. Constructed in 1914 by the Seaboard Air Line Railroad, the building shared service with the Durham and Southern Railway, but now houses the Apex Visitor Center, Apex Chamber of Commerce, and meeting rooms rented out for special events. A 37-foot  Louisville and Nashville Railroad caboose is located beside the building. In December 1998 the Apex Union Depot was listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>The history of Apex revolves around the railroads and station. The town was named for being the highest point on the Chatham Railroad line between Richmond, Virginia and Jacksonville, Florida. In 1854 the first Apex railroad station was chartered. Over the next two decades, the land surrounding the station was developed and the town of Apex was incorporated in 1873. A new train depot was built in 1906 to accommodate the towns growth, but burned down in 1914. Later that year, the current facility was constructed. During the Great Depression, economic difficulties were responsible for a decrease in rail traffic. By 1934, only four stops were made at the Apex Union Depot. The decline continued until the 1960s when the Depot was closed and the building became the towns library. After a new library was built in 1996, the depot was renovated by the Apex Chamber of Commerce for use as its offices and a visitors center. Freight trains and Amtraks Silver Star pass by the station each day, with passenger trains stopping in nearby Cary.</p><br>
<p>Apex Union Depot is an example of Late Victorian architecture and features a double fireplace, ticket windows, and the original switchmen&#39;s lanterns. The brick building was originally designed to segregate white and black riders. White people used a waiting room located on the left side of the depot. Women who were traveling alone used a room located behind one of the fireplaces.</p><br>
<p>The Storm King Ranger Station, also known as the Storm King Guard Station and Morgenroth Cabin, is a historic building located southeast of Barnes Point, on south shore of Lake Crescent, about 17 mile southwest of Port Angeles, Washington. The ranger station is part of the Olympic National Park. The station was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2007.</p><br>
<p>The building was remodeled in 1937 and in 1979 the east wall and chimney were destroyed when a tractor loader broke loose and hit the building. In 1984 the building was relocated a short distance away from the Olympic Highway (SR-101) and the shore of Lake Crescent, and extensive deterioration was found in many of the exterior logs which were completely restored.</p><br>
<p>The building is significant also for its connection with Chris Morgenroth, an early Bogachiel River settler and one of the first Forest Service Rangers in Olympic Peninsula, who became district ranger of the Olympic National Forest and an advocate for the creation of the Olympic National Park.</p><br>
<p>The Central Congregational Church is an historic church building located at 218 Walnut Street, in the village of Newtonville in Newton, Massachusetts. Built in 1895, it is the only ecclesiastical work in the city by the noted Boston architects Hartwell and Richardson, and one of its finest examples of Romanesque architecture. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986. Since September 7, 2003, it has been the Newton Campus of the Boston Chinese Evangelical Church.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Central Congregational Church is set on the east side of Walnut Street near the center of the village of Newtonville. It is a substantial granite structure, with a slate roof and a square four-story tower. The main sanctuary is oriented east-west, with turrets at the corners, beyond which entrance pavilions extend to either side. The entry on the right continues to the tower, which has a decoratively-louvered belfry below a flared pyramidal roof.</p><br>
<p>The congregation that built the church was organized in 1868. This church was built for it in 1895, designed by Hartwell and Richardson; it is possible that partner William C. Richardson was a parishioner—he lived in Newtonville at the time. The firm also designed a number of other buildings in Newton, including the Masonic Building in Newtonville in 1896, but this is the only church they designed in Newton. The church was acquired in 2003 by the Boston Chinese Evangelical Church (founded in 1961).</p><br>
<p>The Evangelical Baptist Church is an historic church located at 23 Chapel Street, in the village of Nonantum in Newton, Massachusetts. Built in 1873 in Gothic Revival style, it was designed by noted Boston architect Charles Edward Parker, who in 1853 designed what today is the Architects Building of the Boston Society of Architects at 52 Broad Street, Boston. Evangelical Baptist Church was added to the National Register of Historic Places on September 4, 1986.</p><br>
<p>The Evangelical Baptist Church is still an active congregation.</p><br>
<p>The St. Ignace Mission  is located in a municipal park known as Marquette Mission Park. It was the site of a mission established by Jesuit priest, Father Jacques Marquette, and the site of his grave in 1677. A second mission was established at a different site in 1837, and the chapel was moved here in 1954. The second mission chapel is the oldest Catholic church in Michigan and Wisconsin. The St. Ignace Mission was designated a Michigan State Historic Site in 1956, and was declared a USA National Historic Landmarks in 1960, one of the earliest sites recognized. The mission chapel serves as the Museum of Ojibwa Culture.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<h3>Marquette</h3><br>
<p>In 1670, Claude Dablon established a Catholic mission on what became known as Mackinac Island. That mission was presumably destroyed, as Jacques Marquette established a French Jesuit mission at the same location in 1671.</p><br>
<p>However, in the fall of the same year, Marquette moved the mission to a location on the north shore of the Straits of Mackinac at the site of the present mission chapel. Marquette built a small log cabin at this site to serve as a chapel, and ministered to the Native Americans in the area, in particular the Petun. This people had recently settled in the area after clashes with the Iroquois, as well as the French inhabitants of the Straits.</p><br>
<p>In 1674, Marquette joined Louis Jolliet on an exploration journey to trace the route of the Mississippi River. The party overwintered on the shore of Lake Michigan in what is now Chicago; however, Marquette&#39;s health had suffered on the trip, and he died in 1675 while returning to his St. Ignace mission. Marquette had expressed a desire to be buried at the mission. In 1677, his followers exhumed his remains and carried them for reinterment at St. Ignace. There, they were placed in a birch box and buried beneath the chapel.</p><br>
<h3>Fate of the first mission</h3><br>
<p>After Marquette&#39;s death, the mission was taken over by Father Phillip Pierson, and then Father Nouvel. A new chapel was built in approximately 1674, and by 1683 the mission was so successful and prosperous that three priests, Fathers Nicholas Potier, Enjalran, and Pierre Bailloquet, were assigned there. However, the establishment of a French garrison at St. Ignace in 1679 wound up souring relations between the French and the local population. When Antoine Laumet de La Mothe, sieur de Cadillac left the area to found Detroit in 1701, bringing many of the St. Ignace residents with him, the importance of the mission declined dramatically.</p><br>
<p>The St. Ignace mission remained open until 1705, when it was abandoned and burned by Father Étienne de Carheil. It was reopened in 1712, and operated on the north shore of the Straits until 1741, when it was relocated to the south shore. With the relocation of the mission, the exact location of Marquette&#39;s chapel was lost.</p><br>
<h3>The second mission</h3><br>
<p>The area around the original mission remained nearly empty after the 1741 relocation of the mission. However, in the late 1810s and early 1820s, settlers began to trickle into the area, and by 1836 the Catholic population of the area was enough to support a small congregation.</p><br>
<p>In 1837, a second mission at St. Ignace was constructed about a mile south of the site of the first mission. Services were first held in the chapel at the end of 1837 and beginning of 1838. Services were initially conducted by priests from Mackinac Island, but in 1855 Rev. S. Carié arrived as the permanent resident clergyman. A series of priests served the congregation over the next 50 years.</p><br>
<p>In 1877, the site of the first mission was accidentally discovered. Excavations at the site confirmed that it matched the historical description of first mission. A marble statue was erected at the site in the early 20th century, and the area was designated a city park to commemorate Marquette.</p><br>
<p>In 1882-85, the second mission chapel was lengthened by adding to the front of the building. The decision was made to construct a new church, and the congregation raised funds. A cornerstone for the new church was laid in 1904, and the church was completed in 1905. The use of the second mission chapel was discontinued in 1905, when services moved to the newly constructed St. Ignatius Loyola Church.</p><br>
<h3>Modern times</h3><br>
<p>The second mission chapel remained unused until 1926, when it was purchased and restored by Mrs. Catherine Chambers-Gleason. The church was adapted as a historical museum displaying artifacts from early St. Ignace, and was operated by the Knights of Columbus. In 1954, the chapel was moved from its previous location at State and Portage to the site of the first mission at State and Marquette, where it has remained. More modern archaeological investigations have been carried out at the mission site and the contemporaneous nearby Petun village, particularly in the early 1970s and 1980s.</p><br>
<p>In the late 1980s, the chapel was converted for use as the Museum of Ojibwa Culture, which remains its purpose as of 2015. Exhibits focus on Ojibwa cultural values and subsistence methods, as well as the effects that the migration of Huron and Odawa peoples had in the area. The chapel was restored in 2008-2010, including restoration of the windows, replacement of some 5% of the clapboards, and repainting inside and out.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The site of the first Marquette mission is now a municipal park at the northwest corner of State and Marquette Streets in St. Ignace. It is located about 300 ft from the shore of Lake Huron. The Marquette gravesite is at the southwest corner of the park, and the second mission chapel is located on the park&#39;s east side.</p><br>
<p>The chapel is a simple one-story frame building covered with wooden clapboards and a gabled roof. It originally had a steeple, which has been replaced with a wooden cross. Double doors on the gabled end open into the sanctuary; at the opposite end is the altar, flanked by doors to the outside. The building originally had a small porch and a wing at the northeast corner, likely used as a residence.</p><br>
<p>The Norton Mound group,  and Hopewell Indian Mounds Park), is a prehistoric Goodall focus mounds site in Wyoming, Michigan that is under the protection of the Grand Rapids Public Museum.</p><br>
<h2>Significance</h2><br>
<p>According to the National Park Service&#39;s Statement of Significance: "These are the most important and best-preserved Hopewell mounds in the western Great Lakes region.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Norton Mound group was the center of Hopewellian culture in that area, from ca. 400 B.C. to A.D. 400. These mounds were probably constructed in the first century AD.</p><br>
<p>The name "Norton Mounds" comes from Captain A.N. Norton, who owned this property in the 1800s. The mounds were first excavated in 1874 by W. L. Coffinbury. This excavation revealed numerous burials rich in grave offerings. Further excavations were undertaken by H. E. Sargent in 1915. In 1936, Mrs. W. B. Stiles deeded the land that many of the mounds were located on to the city of Grand Rapids, and the area became a city park. and it was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1965.</p><br>
<p>Later excavations in 1963-1964 by James B. Griffin provided information on mound construction methods.</p><br>
<p>According to the National Park Service, "Severe erosion, flooding, and nearby development threaten the Mound Group." "The Public Museum of Grand Rapids has been awarded funding to complete a Cultural Landscape Management Plan that will assess the site&#39;s condition. Public awareness of the NHL has increased due to ongoing development of the Millennium Park." That plan was completed in February 2007.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The site of the mounds is located between Indian Mounds Drive and Interstate 196 in Wyoming, Michigan near the Grand River.</p><br>
<p>As of Coffinbury&#39;s initial exploration in 1874, there were 17 mounds in the group. In 1936, these 17 mounds were labelled A through Q. The three largest mounds are located near the river, with the other mounds arranged in a curved line behind them. By 1963, only eleven of the 17 were substantially untouched, and four had been obliterated.</p><br>
<p>The remaining mounds range from 30 feet in diameter and 1.5 feet in height to 100 feet in diameter and 15 feet in height. The mounds are built of a series of layers, starting with a layer of black dirt, then a layer of "ash" (probably the remains of leafy branches), then a mound fill cap, and finally a layer of natural sod. Below these layers are burial pits; these are primarily below ground level, although in the largest mound (mound M), the burial chambers are above the level of the surrounding grade. The burial pits are shallow and rectangular in shape.</p><br>
<p>Burial pits contained human remains, and nearby burial goods. The burial goods included jars, cups, dishes, spoons, arrowheads, pipes, tools, beads, pearls, and shell items.</p><br>
<p>The Newton City Hall and War Memorial is a historic city hall and war memorial building located in the village of Newton Centre in Newton, Massachusetts. Built in 1932 in the Colonial Revival style, the building was designed by Allen and Collens, with landscaping by the renowned Olmsted Brothers. The buildings purpose was to serve as a new city hall, and as a memorial to the citys soldiers of the First World War. On February 16, 1990, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>Newton City Hall is located in central Newton, and occupies a large triangular lot bounded on the north by Commonwealth Avenue, on the southwest by Homer Street, and on the east by Walnut Street. Walnut Street and Commonwealth Avenue are major roadways providing access to other parts of the city, and Homer Street is a largely residential street that roughly parallels Commonwealth Avenue. The Newton Free Library is located across Homer Street to the south.</p><br>
<p>The building is a monumental brick Georgian Revival structure, two stories in height, with a central north-south section, flanking wings that project forward (to the east) at either end, and a rear wing extending from the center to the west. Classical features are found all across the building, including two-story brick pilasters demarcating parts of the building, corner quoining in stone, and a Greek temple-style portico supported by four Corinthian columns. The western portion of the building, which serves as the war memorial, is crowned by an elaborate steeple.</p><br>
<p>Newton was incorporated as a city (having previously been a town) in 1873, and adapted its then-existing town hall for use as city hall. This building was constructed in 1931, having a dedication of the war memorial on Armistice Day (November 11), 1931, and a dedication of the combined functions on the same day the following year. The building was designed by the noted Boston architects Allen and Collens, who had designed many university buildings as well as Second Church in Newton (1916), Lindsey Chapel in Boston (1919) and the Riverside Church in New York City (1928–1930) and who later designed The Cloisters in New York City. The triangular parcel was landscaped by the Olmsted Brothers, specifically to soften the large scale of the building.</p><br>
<p>The Harmony Chapel and Cemetery  are a historic church and cemetery in Harmony, Rhode Island, a village in Glocester.</p><br>
<h2>Overview</h2><br>
<p>The wood-frame chapel adjacent to the cemetery sits on US Route 44 west of Edgewood Drive. Built as a schoolhouse in c. 1830, it is one of the few Federal-style schoolhouses to survive in the state, and is probably the best-preserved of that period. It was later (by 1870) converted for use as a meeting house (free chapel) for villagers. Residents would occasionally hire ministers to speak and hold various Christian religious ceremonies.</p><br>
<p>The cemetery behind the chapel was used as a private cemetery by the Steere, Smith and other local families until opened for public use in 1878.</p><br>
<p>The Peleg Arnold Tavern off Great Road in Union Village in North Smithfield, Rhode Island was built around 1690 and is one of the oldest homes in North Smithfield. The oldest part of house was built in the late 17th century by Richard Arnold, one of the earliest settlers in the area. His descendant, Peleg Arnold, greatly expanded the building a century later. Peleg Arnold was a justice of the Rhode Island Supreme Court and representative to the Continental Congress. Arnold&#39;s popular tavern served as center of American military operations in the town during the American Revolution. The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1974.</p><br>
<h2>Images</h2><br>
<p>The Smithfield Road Historic District is a rural historic district in North Smithfield, Rhode Island, along Old Smithfield Road . It extends along Old Smithfield Road north from its junction with Sayles Hill Road, and is roughly bisected by Spring Brook. It includes eight historic houses or farmsteads, two 19th-century cemeteries, and a dam  on Spring Brook just east of the road. The district encompasses a cross-section of the development of agricultural properties in North Smithfield over the 19th century, with properties dating from 1811  to 1932 . The district covers 170 acre, which includes lands currently and formerly in agricultural use.</p><br>
<p>The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1987.</p><br>
<p>North Manitou Island Lifesaving Station, also known as North Manitou Coast Guard Station, is a complex of buildings located on North Manitou Island, which is part of Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore in Michigan, in the USA The complex was constructed as a life-saving station. It is the only remaining station which was in use during all three periods of lifesaving service history, It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1998.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In 1854, the United States Congress allocated money to establish volunteer life-saving stations on the Great Lakes. Nicholas Pickard, a resident of North Manitou Island, requested and received from the government a lifesaving boat and the standardized plans to construct the station. The boathouse on North Manitou Island is the only remaining boathouse constructed using the 1854 standard plans.</p><br>
<p>The United States Life-Saving Service was established in 1871, and the previously all-volunteer lifesaving stations were converted to house paid crews. In 1874, they took over operation of the North Manitou Island station. A new station was constructed in 1877, and a paid crew installed the following year. The crew initially boarded with local residents, but in 1887 a crew quarters was built as part of the life-saving station. Additional structures were built at the station as needed. These included private homes, built by crew members; many of these were later moved to other locations on private lots.</p><br>
<p>The Life-Saving Service was merged into the United States Coast Guard in 1915, and the Coast Guard operated the station continuously until 1932, when it was determined that the station, lacking a protected boat launch, was no longer needed. The station continued operation with a skeleton crew until 1938, when it was sold to the Manitou Island Association, a private corporation. The Association used the buildings to house employees, and for general operation of their island hunting preserve. The National Park Service acquired the station in 1984.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The North Manitou Island Lifesaving Station is a complex of buildings located on 3 acre of land on the northeast shoreline of North Manitou Island. The structures in the district date from 1854 to about 1916, and represent a range of historic architectural styles, as well as the three distinct periods of lifesaving history.</p><br>
<p>The Lifesaving Station is located on a broad flat plain facing a sandy beach, separated from structures in the nearby village by a grassy field. An access road runs nearby. A number of structures were built at the station over time; some have been removed or demolished. Remaining structures in the district include:</p><br>
<h3>Volunteer Rescue Station (1854)</h3><br>
<p>The Volunteer Rescue Station is a 1-1/2 story frame boathouse clad in cedar boards, approximately 17 ft wide by 36 ft. A single first-floor room was used to house the surfboat, and a small loft above was used for the storage of other equipment. The structure has been restored to its original appearance.</p><br>
<h3>USA Life Boat Station (1877)</h3><br>
<p>The USA Life Boat Station was constructed using a modified version of the floor plan designed by Francis W. Chandler in 1876. It is a two-story structure with a clipped gable end, providing shelter for a lookout balcony on one end. It is covered with vertical batten siding, with bracketry beneath the eaves. The Manitou Island Association converted the structure into a quarters and a storehouse, and the Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore adapted this boathouse into a dormitory in 1990.</p><br>
<h3>USA Life-Saving Service Dwelling (1887)</h3><br>
<p>This dwelling, believed to have been developed by Life-Saving Service architect Albert B. Bibb, is believed to be the only one constructed of its type in the country. It is a two-story structure with cross-gables, and originally housed the captain on the first floor and the crew on the second. In 1932, the Coast Guard renovated the structure, placing it on a basement, adding a front porch, and reworking the location of the stairs. In 1992, the Park Service adapted the building to house staff.</p><br>
<h3>Hans Halseth House (1890s)</h3><br>
<p>The Hans Halseth House was originally located some distance north of the station, and was moved to its current location in 1912. The house is a 1-1/2 story side-gabled structure with a gabled dormer centered in the front. The house has been modified several times, including the addition of a hip roof front porch and two additions on the side. In 1990, the Park Service renovated and restored this building to house employees.</p><br>
<h3>Crew Ready Room (1895)</h3><br>
<p>The Crew Ready Room is a pyramidal hipped roof building where the on-duty crew would wait. The building has lost much of its historical integrity, and is considered non-contributing to the historic district.</p><br>
<h3>Root Cellar (1899)</h3><br>
<p>The root cellar is primarily constructed of field stone and mortar, with a wood shingled gable roof on top. Access into the cellar is an inclined double wooden cellar door at the surface, down a set of stairs, and through a second wooden door at the bottom of the stairs. The cellar has a round air vent on one side and a square screened hole on the other, providing air movement into the cellar.</p><br>
<h3>Storm Tower and Flag Locker (c. 1905)</h3><br>
<p>The storm tower is a four-sided metal-framed structure, made of open trusses with taper to a point 50 ft above the ground. A 20 ft tall staff with sidearms projects above. The staff flew an American flag from the top, and storm flags from the yards. Flags were stored in a metal locker at the base of the tower.</p><br>
<h3>Generator Building (1914-16)</h3><br>
<p>The Generator Building is a small single story shed with gabled ends. It has three windows and a single door.</p><br>
<p>The John N. A. Griswold House is a historic house located at 76 Bellevue Avenue in Newport, Rhode Island. It was built in 1864 for John Noble Alsop Griswold, an Old China Trade merchant and member of the Griswold Family, and was designed by Richard Morris Hunt in the American Stick style, one of the earliest buildings in that style, and one of Hunt&#39;s first works in Newport.</p><br>
<p>The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1971, and was designated a National Historic Landmark in 2000. It is now one of the galleries of the Newport Art Museum, and is a project of Save America’s Treasures.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Griswold House is a -story wood-frame structure, set on a granite foundation, on a parcel that was landscaped in the early 19th century to a design by the Olmsted Brothers. It has a complex roofline, whose main mansarded section is pierced by numerous gable and dormer sections. The roof is finished with bands of polychrome slate, and is enhanced by chimneys with concrete caps and decorative panels. There are numerous balconies sheltered by deep eaves, with gable ends decorated with applied Stick style woodwork. An expansive veranda wraps around the southern and western sides of the house, with an elaborately-decorated port-cochere on the north side.</p><br>
<p>The exterior Stick style theme of applied woodwork is continued inside, where the public rooms feature extensive woodwork, and richly decorated spaces. A number of rooms are either partially or completely octagonal in shape, including the main hall, the dining room, and the library. The main hall features an elaborately decorated staircase, with a carved griffin statue standing guard at its base.</p><br>
<p>The house was designed by Richard Morris Hunt and built in 1864 for John Noble Alsop Griswold, a merchant in the China Trade. It was the first of Hunt&#39;s many notable works in Newport, and is considered a prototype work of the Stick style of architecture. Griswold died in the house in 1909; it remained vacant until 1915, when it was acquired by the Art Association of Newport, which now uses it as a museum gallery. The association is one of the oldest organizations of its type in the United States.</p><br>
<p>The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1971, and was designated a National Historic Landmark in 2000, in recognition for its architectural significance and its association with the Art Association of Newport.</p><br>
<p>The Roberts Riverwalk Urban Resort Hotel, formerly the Parke-Davis Research Laboratory also once known as Building 55-Detroit Research, is a luxury hotel on the Detroit International Riverfront in Detroit, Michigan. The former research facility was redeveloped as a boutique luxury hotel in the 1980s. The building was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1976 for its historic significance as an early research laboratory.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Parke-Davis moved its facilities to this location along the Detroit River in the 1870s to take advantage of the transportation provided by the river and nearby rail lines. The company eventually built 26 still-extant buildings in the area; the Parke-Davis campus as a whole, now known as Stroh River Place, is recognized on the National Register of Historic Places. However, the most significant structure in the group, the Parke-Davis Research Laboratory, is individually recognized as a National Historic Landmark.</p><br>
<p>The Research Laboratory was built in 1902 after Parke-Davis relocated the Detroit Boat Club to Belle Isle. The Detroit architectural firm of Donaldson & Meier designed the original building; later additions were designed by Albert Kahn. The building is a three-story brick building measuring approximately 120 by, and is typical example of public architecture of the period.</p><br>
<h3>Later history and current use</h3><br>
<p>In 1979, Parke-Davis sold its Detroit complex, including the Research Laboratory, to the Stroh family (of Stroh Brewery Company). designed by firm Sims–Varner. Bruning Development Corp purchased the hotel from the Stroh family in 1993, and signed Grand Heritage Hotels to manage and brand the property.</p><br>
<p>In 1998, the property was acquired by Omni Hotels & Resorts, and rebranded as the Omni Hotel Detroit at River Place. Omni closed the hotel in 2010, and it was acquired by St. Louis real estate developer Michael V. Roberts. The hotel underwent a $5 million renovation, which included the addition of a new conference center, and reopened in May 2011 as the Roberts Riverwalk Hotel.</p><br>
<p>In 2002, National Park Service staff recommended withdrawal of the sites landmark status due to loss of the buildings historic integrity during the conversion.</p><br>
<h2>Significance</h2><br>
<p>This building was the first industrial research laboratory in the USA established for the specific purpose of conducting pharmacological research, inaugurating the commercial pure science approach which has driven the rapid development of pharmaceutical technology.</p><br>
<p>The Durant-Dort Carriage Company Office is a National Historic Landmark owned by General Motors. A late 19th-century office building located at 316 West Water Street in Flint, Michigan, it was built and occupied by GM&#39;s parent, Durant-Dort, followed by Dort Motor Car Company, until 1924.</p><br>
<p>This building was the focal point of William C. Durants efforts in building first carriages and then automobiles, and is the only extant building closely associated with Durant. Here pivotal decisions were made in the development and financing of the Buick Motor Company, the beginning of Chevrolet, and Durants founding of General Motors.</p><br>
<p>The building was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1978.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The office building is a three-story red-brick rectangular structure, measuring 40 feet by 60 feet, on a brick foundation with a full basement. The windows are sixteen-over-one wood-sash windows in a flat-arched surround.</p><br>
<p>When built it was considered one of the finest office buildings in the country primarily because of the ornate interior. A number of the original interior original features remain, including first-floor wainscoting, much of the woodwork and some marble flooring.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The office building was constructed in 1895–96 to house Durant-Dort&#39;s offices and, on the second floor, their carriage showroom. Originally built as a two-story Italianate structure with a flat roof, its flat roof was replaced around 1900 with a hipped roof. An entrance portico was added, giving the structure a Georgian appearance. In 1906 a fire damaged the roof and, rather than repairing it, the company added an extra story and again capped the building with a flat roof. The portico was also removed at that time. This configuration remained until the 1980s.</p><br>
<p>After Dort Motor Car Company — which had taken over all the building in steps between 1915 and 1917 as carriage building came to a close — moved out in 1924 it provided office space for various service organizations such as the Red Cross and the local Chamber of Commerce. In 1947 the Arrowhead Veteran&#39;s Club bought it for its headquarters. Recognising its historic associations the city of Flint purchased it in 1977 with the help of an anonymous $55,000 donation.</p><br>
<h2>National Historic Landmark</h2><br>
<p>It was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1978. Using the designation and the deteriorating condition of the building as an impetus the Genesee County Historical Society undertook the task of restoring the building. Funds were raised, and it was restored to its early 1900s condition with the hipped roof and portico of that time. This restoration was completed by 1986.</p><br>
<h2>Bought by General Motors</h2><br>
<p>GM announced that it would purchase the Durant-Dort office building and nearby Factory One in May 2013. GM will take over responsibility for maintenance from the Flint Historical Foundation. Early reports indicated that the office building is to be restored and used as a showcase for company events.</p><br>
<p>As of 2017, the office building is occupied by the Genesee County Historical Society. General Motors provides funds for the operation and maintenance of the building, and is plans are in the works to conduct tours of the office and the nearby "Factory One," the original factory building associated with the Durant-Dort Carriage Company.</p><br>
<p>The Lucien Boneparte Covell House is a historic house located in the village of Richmond, Illinois, USA. The house is an example of Queen Anne style architecture and was built in 1905. The Covell House was listed on the USA National Register of Historic Places in 1989.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Lucien Boneparte Covell House was built in 1905 for Lucien Boneparte Covell and Anna Moore Covell. The couple lived in the home until they died, in 1923 and 1926. During the 1930s the home was used as a funeral parlor but by the 1960s the house had again returned to single-family use with no additional commercial functions.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The Covell House is an example of Late Victorian Queen Anne style architecture detailed with some elements of Colonial Revival. As a typical example of the style the house has a main roof ridge that runs parallel with the side elevations of the building with seven gables crossing it in various manners. Patterned shingles in the bays and in the gables heighten the structure&#39;s surface texturing and a full-width veranda extends along both side walls.</p><br>
<h2>Historic significance</h2><br>
<p>The house is a distinctive example of Late Victorian Queen Anne architecture which embodies the elements of the style. In addition, the house contains several key transitional elements of Colonial Revival. Aside from the stylistic elements, the intact interior detailing and two intact original outbuildings help make the Covell House a significant example of Queen Anne style. The house is distinct from other examples of Queen Anne architecture in Richmond and the surrounding area in its Colonial Revival elements and detailing. These reasons, among others, were cited as justification when the property, including its two outbuildings, was listed on the USA National Register of Historic Places on January 26, 1989.</p><br>
<h2>Outbuildings</h2><br>
<p>The Covell House property includes two separate original outbuildings, a carriage house and a buildings that served three functions, privy, wood shed and chicken coop. Both buildings were constructed concurrently with the house in 1905 and both are considered contributing buildings for the purpose of the National Register of Historic Places listing.</p><br>
<p>The Nightingale–Brown House is a historic house at 357 Benefit Street on College Hill in Providence, Rhode Island. It is home to the John Nicholas Brown Center for Public Humanities and Cultural Heritage at Brown University. The house is architecturally significant as one of the largest surviving wood-frame houses of the 18th century, and is historically significant as the longtime seat  of the Brown family, whose members have been leaders of the Providence civic, social, and business community since the 17th century, and include nationally significant leaders of America&#39;s industrialization in the 19th century. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places and declared a National Historic Landmark in 1989.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The house is a large three-story wood-frame structure, set on a lot roughly 1 acre in size, built in 1791 for Colonel Joseph Nightingale. Its main facade is five bays wide, with a central projecting section. The center entrance is framed by sidelight windows and topped by an elliptical fanlight window. This framing is one of the earliest known uses of such windows in the United States. The entrance is sheltered by a square porch supported by columns, with a low railing above. Atop the doorway is a Palladian window, whose side windows are topped by dentillated cornices. The projecting section is topped by a triangular pediment, whose deeply recessed tympanum is modillioned and filled with a window. The corners of the projecting section, and of the main and side blocks, are all quoined, and the window surrounds on the first two floors also feature quoined and voussoired surrounds. The main block is covered by a hip roof, with a low balustrade surrounding it. This appearance largely matches the first known image of the house, a drawing made in 1802.</p><br>
<p>In 1814, Nicholas Brown, Jr. purchased the home. His descendants owned the house until the death of Anne S.K. Brown in 1985, at which point it was donated to Brown University. In 1853 John Carter Brown hired Thomas Tefft to design a carriage house for the property, and in 1858 a two-story addition was added to the south side. It is unknown if Tefft was involved in the design of the addition, but it has stylistic similarities to the carriage house.</p><br>
<p>In 1862 Brown hired Richard Upjohn to design a library wing, which was built in 1862–1864 and is northeast of the main block and forms a courtyard with the carriage house. This addition, like the earlier one, repeats stylistic elements of the original 1791 structure. Frederick Law Olmsted was hired to design the landscaping for the grounds in 1890; this work is still evident despite modest alterations.</p><br>
<h2>Occupants</h2><br>
<p>Nicholas Brown, Jr. was the son of Nicholas Brown, Sr., a leading Providence merchant. He was a leading industrial developer of the early 19th century, and was such a benefactor of the local college that it was renamed Brown University in his honor. He also served in the state legislature, and cofounded the Providence Athenaeum. John Carter Brown is best known for amassing a large library, now owned by the university and operated as the John Carter Brown Library. Anne S. K. Brown, the last Brown descendant to live in this house, amassed a large collection of military documents and artifacts, which are also now owned by the university. Her son, J. Carter Brown, who directed the National Gallery of Art, was raised in the house.</p><br>
<h2>John Nicholas Brown Center for Public Humanities and Cultural Heritage</h2><br>
<p>The (JNBC) was housed in the building for many years. The center, founded as the John Nicholas Brown Center for the Study of American Civilization in 1979 and part of Brown University since 1995, collaborates on public and scholarly humanities projects with local, national, and international partners working in the arts, history, education and community engagement. The center also offered a master&#39;s degree in Public Humanities through Brown.In December 2023, the JNBC announced that the center would be renamed the John Nicholas Brown Center for Advanced Studies and the MA program in Public Humanities was put on hold.</p><br>
<p>The Vernon House is a historic house in Newport, Rhode Island built in 1758 for Metcalf Bowler. The house is an architecturally distinguished colonial-era house with a construction history probably dating back to the late 17th century, with alterations made in the 18th century, possibly by architect Peter Harrison. During the American Revolutionary War this house served as the headquarters of the Comte de Rochambeau, commander of the French forces stationed in Newport 1780–1783. The house was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1968.</p><br>
<p>The house is named after William Vernon, prominent slave trader and figure of the American Revolution, who purchased the home in 1773.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Vernon House is a -story wood-frame structure, with a hip roof topped by a low balustrade. The front and sides of the roof are pierced by dormers; those on the front have segmented-arch pediments, while those on the sides are gabled. Two brick chimneys rise from the interior of the house. The house is five bays wide and four deep, with its entry centered on the main facade. The doorway is flanked by fluted pilasters and topped by an entablature and modillioned cornice, a treatment repeated in simpler form on the secondary entry at the rear. The exterior is clad in rusticated wood coursing carved, treated, and painted to resemble ashlar stone. This emulation extends to the keystone-like lintels above the windows of the first floor on the main facade, and in a simulated belt course between the first and second floors. This peculiar method of rustication is an original feature of the Redwood Library, built in 1750 by the distinguished architect Peter Harrison. It&#39;s likely that Harrison was the architect for the home.</p><br>
<p>The interior is roughly as it was after alterations made in 1759, with a central hall and two rooms on either side. The central hall has elegant woodwork, with an arch supported by large consoles, paneled wainscoting, and a dentillated cornice, details which are echoed in the second floor hall. The public downstairs rooms feature similar woodwork, with elaborate mantelpieces. The plasterwork in the northwest room feature a period mural, depicting the Chinese court punishments and the Buddhist cycle of hell. The second-story room was documented in 1879 to have artwork depicting the West Indies on its walls, but this work has been lost.</p><br>
<p>Most of the buildings appearance is due to an extensive alteration to an older structure in 1759, and represents the finest rendition of academic Georgian architecture in the city. The older structure, based on architectural evidence, is surmised to have been built around the turn of the 18th century. William Gibbs, a painter, is documented to have owned the house in 1708, and it remained in his family until 1744. In 1759 Charles Bowler sold the property to his son Metcalf, a merchant and justice of the colonial supreme court. The enlargement of the original building to its present size was probably done shortly after the younger Bowlers purchase. Bowler, who is best known for being revealed as a British spy in the 20th century, sold the house in 1773 to another merchant, William Vernon. When French forces arrived at Newport in 1780 during the American Revolutionary War, Vernon offered his house to their commander, the Comte de Rochambeau.</p><br>
<p>The Vernon family retained ownership of the property until 1872. In 1912 it was purchased by a charitable organization to rescue it from demolition, and performed a partial restoration. It served as headquarters of the Family Service Society until 1966, when it was sold into private hands.</p><br>
<p>The house was declared a National Historic Landmark and listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1968.</p><br>
<p>The East Dubuque School, also known as the Ahva Living of East Dubuque, is a historic Romanesque Revival school building in the Mississippi River city of East Dubuque, Illinois, United States. It was constructed in two sections, one in 1893, the other in 1914 and designed by local architect Thomas Carkeek. The building was listed on the USA National Register of Historic Places in 1982.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The East Dubuque School was constructed in two separate sections, the first, in 1893, consisted of a two-story rectangular structure and its three-story bell tower. The building sits on a limestone foundation and is built from brick of varying shades which give the structure an overall mottled appearance. The second section of the building was constructed in 1914 and consisted of a 36 by 68 ft wing, known as the "east wing".</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The East Dubuque School building sits on a prominent bluff overlooking the city of East Dubuque. The building is in the Romanesque Revival style and was designed by a prominent 1890s Dubuque architect, Thomas Carkeek.</p><br>
<h2>Historic significance</h2><br>
<p>The building played a key role in public education in East Dubuque (formerly Dunleith) and has stood as a landmark in the city for more than 100 years. East Dubuque School possesses a high level of architectural integrity and is a good example of a school in Illinois cast in Romanesque Revival style. The USA National Register of Historic Places approved the listing of the East Dubuque School on November 12, 1982.</p><br>
<p>Crescent Park Looff Carousel, also known as Crescent Park Carousel or more officially as Crescent Park Looff Carousel and Shelter Building, is a National Historic Landmark in East Providence, Rhode Island.</p><br>
<p>The hand-carved carousel was built in 1895 by Charles I. D. Looff at his Brooklyn, New York factory and installed at Crescent Park Amusement Park in the Riverside section of East Providence, Rhode Island. The rides fifty-foot platform contains sixty-one horses, one camel, two single coaches, and two double chariots. Fifty-six of the horses are jumpers. It is among the finest and least-altered of Looffs surviving carousels, serving as a showcase for his workmanship.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Charles I. D. Looff was born in Denmark in 1852 and immigrated to the United States in 1870. He built the first carousel at Coney Island in 1876. From his Brooklyn factory, Looff built many carousels for the East coast and places like the Texas State Fair in Dallas, the Oklahoma State Fair in Oklahoma City, as well as Houston and Fort Worth. In 1905, Looff moved his factory to Crescent Park and used this carousel as a showpiece for customers to select the horses that they wanted on their rides. Most of the figures on this carousel were carved between 1905 and 1910 when Looff moved his factory to Long Beach, California. Of almost fifty carousels that Looff built between 1875 and 1918, this is one of the ten or twelve remaining in operation.</p><br>
<p>When Crescent Park closed in 1977, the City of East Providence kept the carousel off of the auction block after being pressured by local coalitions in a lengthy legal battle. The restored ride continues to operate every summer and is controlled by a commission of eighteen people who maintain statutory authority over a managerial and operational staff.</p><br>
<p>The carousel was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976, and was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1987.</p><br>
<p>The Rhode Island General Assembly proclaimed the carousel as "the State Jewel of American Folk Art."</p><br>
<p>The carousel was re-opened on August 6, 2022 after a three year closure due to repair work.</p><br>
<h2>Building</h2><br>
<p>The carousel is housed in one of Looffs classic "hippodrome" buildings topped with his traditional onion dome. Sunlight floods through multicolored clerestory windows and reflects off of faceted mirrors to create a magical kaleidoscope effect. The carousel is circled by several rows of wooden benches and a rope fence. Tickets are purchased from a free-standing booth located just inside the entrance and opposite from a small gift and snack stand. Adjacent to this stand is a small exhibit of historical artifacts. Vents at the roofs peak provide natural air circulation. A full-sized hand-carved American bald eagle sits atop the rides center pole. Managerial offices are located in a pavilion annex opposite the main access road which was formerly Looff&#39;s on-site workshop.</p><br>
<h2>Rides</h2><br>
<p>Rides begin and end when a brass fog bell manufactured by PERKO Inc. is rung. The duration of the ride is determined with the help of a small hourglass affixed to the snare drum cabinet of the band organ. It is one of the only carousels in America where riders can play the ring game by grabbing a brass ring to earn a free ride. After catching the rings, riders throw them into the cut-out mouth of a clown face painted on a large canvas. Originally, the ride was powered by steam from the park&#39;s steam plant. The carousel is currently operated by an electric motor.</p><br>
<h2>Band organ</h2><br>
<p>An Andreas Ruth und Sohn Style 38 band organ, imported from Waldkirch, Germany, provides music from a Wurlitzer 165 music roll system, which replaced the original German cardboard book music system. At least six cassette volumes of recorded music were previously sold at the carousel and have become rare collector&#39;s items. In response to noise complaints by the carousel operators and visitors, several of the ranks of pipes in the band organ have been disabled to reduce the music volume. In a notable 1995 incident, carved instruments from the facade of the band organ were stolen.</p><br>
<p>The W.E. White Building is a historic commercial building located in downtown Stockton, Illinois, USA. It was constructed in the Queen Anne style in 1897 and designed and built by Peter Schroeder. The building was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places in 1997.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The W.E. White Building was constructed in 1897, one of many commercial structures erected following a devastating fire in Stockton. After the 1896 fire, William and Mary ORourke erected a wood-frame dry goods store at the location of the White Building. Mary ORourke soon became postmaster and the store became Stocktons first post office. In August 1897 a small piece of the downtown lot owned by the ORourkes was sold to Wilbur E. White for $3,500. White moved the old post office and dry goods store to the lots rear and hired Peter Schroeder, a local architect and builder, to design and erect the W.E. White Building.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The W.E. White Building is an example of late 19th century Queen Anne commercial architecture. The red brick building is 25 feet wide by 90 feet long and sits on the northwest corner of Front and Main Street in downtown Stockton. Its main entrance sits diagonally on the building&#39;s southeast corner. Multiple elements of Queen Anne style are present on the White Building they include: a projecting cone shaped turret, metal wrapped oriel bay, decorative pediments, a cannonball finial. The building also displays a shift toward Classical influences in its garland swags, classical columns and acanthus leaves.</p><br>
<h2>Historic significance</h2><br>
<p>The late 19th century Queen Anne White Building exemplifies an era of optimism in Stockton, as the city strove to rebuild after a destructive fire in 1896. The building is a prominent landmark in downtown Stockton; its architectural features allow it to stand out as one of the most decorative downtown buildings in Stockton. The W.E. White Building was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places on November 7, 1997.</p><br>
<p>La Puente Valley Womens Club is a womens club building located in the La Puente Downtown Business District of La Puente, in eastern Los Angeles County, California. It is a member of the General Federation of Women&#39;s Clubs.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The wooden building was designed by Charles S. Lee in the Craftsman Bungalow style. It was completed in 1923.</p><br>
<p>The La Puente Valley Woman&#39;s Club building was listed in the National Register of Historic Places in 1999.</p><br>
<p>The Orin Jordan House is a Victorian house in Whittier, California that was built in 1888 by Orin Jordan. Also known as the "Old Jordan House" and the "Whitaker Home", the house is located at 8310 S. Comstock Ave.</p><br>
<p>It was built as a 29.75x38 ft two-story ell-shaped wood-frame house, with nine rooms.</p><br>
<p>The house was moved in 1926 by about 300 ft to the southwest, to its present location on Comstock.</p><br>
<p>The Orin Jordan House was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.</p><br>
<p>The Old York Gaol is a former colonial prison at Lindsay Road and Main Street  in York, Maine. Its oldest portion dating to about 1720, it is one of the oldest prison buildings in the United States, and one of the oldest public buildings in the state of Maine. It was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1968. It is owned by the Museums of Old York and is open for tours between May and October.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The gaol is a largely wood frame structure that has had a long evolutionary history of growth and change, and presently appears as a 1-1/2 story gambrel-roofed structure that is partial clapboarded, with sections of stone wall. The oldest portion of the building, dating to 1719 or 1720, is a stone cell block containing a single cell, with stone walls 2.5 ft thick lined on the inside with oak planking. About 1736 several first-floor chambers were added, including a kitchen, dining room, and parlor space that has a folding partition wall (added late in the 19th century), so that it be divided into two separate rooms. In the second floor was added, with three cells and a central chamber. One of the cells, surmised to be intended for use as a debtors cell or wardens room, is of noticeably finer quality. Around the turn of the 19th century a second stone cell was added to the first floor, along with an extension including a dining room, parlor, and bedchamber for the warden.</p><br>
<p>The original portion of the jail was constructed using timbers from the earlier York jail built in 1656.</p><br>
<p>Southern Pacific Railroad Depot in Whittier, California is a train depot built in 1892 that is being preserved by the City of Whittier to house a railroad museum and community center. The depot is a rectangular two-story, wood-frame building. The station agent lived in the second floor apartment.</p><br>
<p>In the 1890s the growth of Whittier caused the Southern Pacific Railroad to build a branch line from its main line in Santa Fe Springs, California. The depot was originally built at 11825 Bailey Street. The branch served local citrus packing houses and a gas works. In the early 1900s, the Pacific Electric Railway built a branch line that paralleled the Southern Pacific track.</p><br>
<p>With the arrival of the automobile, passenger traffic on the Pacific Electric decreased, and in 1938 the Pacific Electric ceased service to Whittier. The Southern Pacific then abandoned its tracks and took over the Pacific Electric tracks and extended them to the station. The Southern Pacific continued providing freight train service to Whittier until 1967. From 1967 until the mid-1980s, the Southern Pacific Depot was occupied by various industrial tenants.</p><br>
<p>On July 1, 1978, the depot was first listed in the National Register of Historic Places. In the mid-1980s, plans began to develop for the restoration and preservation of the depot. The City took possession of the depot and after several years of neglect, the city received a $1.2 million grant to restore and reuse the depot. The depot was ultimately moved to 7333 Greenleaf Ave., near the Uptown Business District. Because of the move, the depot was removed from the National Register on October 1, 2004. The depot was subsequently relisted at its present location on March 29, 2005.</p><br>
<p>Standard Oil Building is a historic building in Whittier, California. Built in 1914, it was designed by Rea & Garstang in the Spanish Colonial Revival architectural style. The building was built for the Standard Oil Company, which had begun successfully drilling for oil in 1910 in the area. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1980, and is now used as a restaurant, beauty salon, and day spa.</p><br>
<p>The Standard Oil Building refers to a small complex of buildings around a courtyard; the first-built portion, built in 1914, is Mission Revival architectureMission</p><br>
<p>Style 32 ft tall and 68x34 ft in plan.</p><br>
<p>National Bank of Whittier Building is a historic commercial building in uptown Whittier, California. Built in 1923 by John and David Parkinson in the Beaux Arts Neoclassical architecture style, the building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.</p><br>
<p>The current building is the best remaining example of the Beaux Arts style in the City. The building is of national significance as it was the site of Richard M. Nixons first law office. Whittier was Nixons boyhood home from the age of nine. In 1938, he served as the Deputy City Attorney to the City of Whittier. A replica of President Nixon&#39;s office has been re-created and is available to tour at the Whittier Historical Museum.</p><br>
<p>The bank located in this building was operated by the Perry family of bankers. Herman Perry served on the school board and was a member of the Committee of 100 that bankrolled Nixon&#39;s first run for Congress. His son Hubert overlapped with Nixon at Whittier High School and became a noted Whittier philanthropist.</p><br>
<p>The building now bears the name Nixon Plaza in honor of its most famous tenant.</p><br>
<h2>Poet Gardens</h2><br>
<p>Poet Gardens is a food hall located on the ground floor of the historic Nixon Plaza in Uptown Whittier.</p><br>
<p>Poet Gardens opened in the fall of 2019, becoming the first food hall to open in the city. The market has a square footage of over 15,000 ft2, and is anchored by the Whittier Brewing Company and houses 7 food stalls. The food hall was conceptualized by Ricardo Diaz, a local restaurateur and chef.</p><br>
<p>Formerly known as "The Old Ranch House", the Jonathan Bailey House is a historic site in Whittier, California. The Bailey House was built around 1868–1869 by Jacob Gerkens. In 1887, the house was occupied by Quakers Jonathan Bailey and his wife, Rebecca. It is the oldest remaining building in Whittier. The first Quaker meetings in the area were held on the front porch of the Bailey House. In 1975, the Jonathan Bailey House was deeded to the City of Whittier and now operates as a museum by the Whittier Historical Society with maintenance by the City of Whittier Park Department with special help from volunteers. The property was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1977.</p><br>
<h2>Jonathan Bailey</h2><br>
<p>Jonathan Bailey was born in Prince George County, Virginia, in 1819. When just a boy, the Bailey family relocated to Ohio along with many other Quaker families. As an adult, Jonathan Bailey married Rebecca Frazier, owned a successful mill, was a farmer, became a church and community leader, and at the age of 68, he and his wife moved to Whittier, California.</p><br>
<p>Princeville School, also known as Princeville Graded Colored School, is a historic school for African-American students located at Princeville, Edgecombe County, North Carolina. It was built between 1935 and 1940, and is a one-story weatherboarded building, eleven bays wide and two rooms deep, with a recessed front-gable center entrance. It sits on a high brick pier foundation and has a hipped roof. The school closed in 1960, and the building served as Princeville&#39;s town hall from 1960 until 1999.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2001.</p><br>
<p>The Townsend Home is a historic house located about 3 miles  from Stockton, Illinois, in Jo Daviess County. It is a fine example of an Upright and Wing style house with Greek Revival detailing and was completed in 1856. The house was listed on the USA National Register of Historic Places in 2005.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Townsend Home was built from 1851&ndash;56 on an 800 acre farm north of the village of Stockton, Illinois along Canyon Park Road, a road that formerly serviced the small, now defunct, community of Millville. The home was built by George Townsend (1806-1893), a New Yorker who came to the Illinois in 1826 with his father, Samuel, and younger brother, Absalom (A.A. Townsend). George Townsend began construction on his home after returning from two years in the California during the Gold Rush.</p><br>
<p>To visit the home, travel 2 mi west on US 20, then 1 mi north on Canyon Park Road (County route 10) towards Apple River Canyon State Park.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The house is constructed from limestone quarried on the Townsend farm. The designer of the house is unknown, as it is unknown if George Townsend had access to either architectural pattern books or a "master carpenter". It is entirely possible that Townsend himself designed the house. The Townsend Home, like many Upright and Wing houses, features characteristics of Greek Revival architecture.</p><br>
<h2>Historic significance</h2><br>
<p>The house is a fine example of the New England Upright and Wing with Greek Revival details. The style came to the area as settlers moved west from New York and New England. The house pre-dates the 1880s village of Stockton, which is 3 miles (4.8 km) away, and the home has a long association with one of the area&#39;s earliest families. The Townsend Home has remained in the Townsend family for at least six generations. The Townsend Home was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places on May 17, 2005.</p><br>
<p>The Plano Hotel is a 19th-century hotel building located in Plano, Illinois, United States. It was built in 1868 by John K. Smith and reflects the Italianate architectural style. In 1993, the building was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The land the hotel was built on was owned by three men, Cornelius Henning, John Hollister, and Marcus Steward whom were the owners of the original plat of Plano. On February 5, 1868 the land was deeded to John K. Smith. The hotel was constructed later in 1868 by Smith. Plano Hotel operated as a hotel until the 1940s when the building was converted for use as apartments.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The building is of the Italianate architectural style. The two story brick structure has a full basement and 25 rooms. Both the front and sides of the building feature arched windows. The building is located at the corner of Main and West Streets in Plano within the downtown commercial district.</p><br>
<h2>Historic significance</h2><br>
<p>Plano Hotel is one of the oldest buildings in Plano and it remains much the same as when it was originally constructed. The hotel is the only surviving hotel from the period during the 19th century when Plano experienced railroad related growth. Providing lodging to travelers and guests to the city of Plano, the Plano Hotel played a significant role in the early commerce of Plano. The Plano Hotel was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places on November 12, 1993.</p><br>
<p>The Howland Cobblestone Store, also known as the Howland Stone Store Museum, is an early 19th-century store significant for its unusual cobblestone architecture. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1994. That process has since been completed.</p><br>
<p>The store was originally owned by Slocum Howland, a Quaker, abolitionist, prohibitionist and suffragist. Among the items sold in his store was the cast iron plow, invented locally by his brother-in-law Jethro Wood.</p><br>
<p>Cobblestone architecture was highly developed in New York State. A survey identified 660 cobblestone structures in 21 New York counties. There may be approximately 300 elsewhere in the United States, concentrated in Vermont, Ohio, Michigan, and Illinois, all areas of similar Northern Tier culture. Many people from Vermont and New York moved west into the upper Midwest states.</p><br>
<p>The Col. Frank J. Hecker House is a historic home in Detroit built in 1888 for local businessman and railroad-car manufacturer Colonel Frank J. Hecker. Located at 5510 Woodward Avenue, it was designated a Michigan State Historic Site in 1958.</p><br>
<h2>Colonel Frank J. Hecker</h2><br>
<p>Frank J. Hecker was born in Freedom, Michigan, in 1846. He joined the Union Army at age 18, After the conclusion of the Civil War, he hired on as an agent for the Union Pacific Railroad. Using this experience, he later organized the Peninsular Car Company (with Charles Lang Freer, whose home is next to Hecker&#39;s) in Detroit, making his fortune in the railroad supply business.</p><br>
<p>Hecker served in the Army again in the Spanish–American War, where he was in charge of transporting Spanish prisoners. This service brought him to the attention of President Theodore Roosevelt, who in 1904 appointed Hecker to the Panama Canal Commission. Hecker also served as Detroit Police Commissioner, organized several banks in the midwest, and sat on the boards of the Detroit Copper and Brass Rolling Mills, Michigan Fire and Marine Insurance Company, and the Detroit Lumber Company.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>In 1888, Hecker hired the short-lived architectural firm of Scott, Kamper & Scott (which included Louis Kamper) and began construction of the mansion on Woodward Avenue, at the corner of Ferry. The house, with 21,000 ft&sup2, is an imposing example of French Châteauesque style based on the Château de Chenonceaux near Tours, France. Hecker used his home to host elaborate parties, whose guests included presidents William McKinley and Rutherford B. Hayes.</p><br>
<p>The exterior of the home has large towers at the corners, and Flemish dormers in the steep hip roof. Several bays project from the main body of the home, and wrapped around the whole is a balustraded, colonnaded loggia. A carriage house at the rear is clearly visible from Woodward. At one point, this structure was converted into a concert hall capable of seating 200.</p><br>
<p>The interior has 49 rooms, including a large oak-paneled hall designed for large parties, an oval dining room done in mahogany, a lobby done in English oak, and a white and gold music room. The fireplaces were constructed of Egyptian Nubian marble, and onyx and Italian Siena marble were used in the vestibules.</p><br>
<h2>Later use</h2><br>
<p>Hecker lived in the home until his death in 1927. For the next twenty years, the home was owned by the Hecker family, but it operated as a boarding house for single college students.</p><br>
<p>In 1947, the mansion was sold to Paul Smiley of the Smiley Brothers Music Company, who used it for musical instruction and practice, as well as a sales office. During this time, both the Detroit Chamber Music Workshop and Women&#39;s Symphony started on the premises.</p><br>
<p>When Smiley died in 1990, the building was sold to Charfoos & Christensen, P.C., a law firm. The firm rehabilitated the mansion, and it served as their law offices until 2014. The mansion has also served as the Royal Danish Consulate in Detroit.</p><br>
<p>In September 2014, Wayne State University purchased the house for $2.3 million. The university calls it the Tierney Alumni House and it houses the Alumni Relations Department and is used for alumni-related activities.</p><br>
<p>Lauerman Brothers Department Store was a department store chain in the early 20th century. Its flagship store in Marinette, Wisconsin is a registered historic place. The chain consisted of 13 stores in Wisconsin, Michigan, and Iowa.</p><br>
<p>In 2013 the Wisconsin Historical Society Press published a history of the chain titled "Something for Everyone: Memories of Lauerman Brothers Department Store" by Michael Leannah. (ISBN 0870205811)</p><br>
<p>The Corliss–Carrington House is a National Historic Landmark house at 66 Williams Street in the College Hill neighborhood of Providence, Rhode Island. Built in 1812, it is significant as a high-quality and well-preserved example of an Adamesque-Federal style town house.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The house is a large three-story brick structure, trimmed in brownstone. The front facade is five bays wide, with corners trimmed with brownstone quoining. The window bays are also lined with quoining and topped by flat-arch brownstone with keystones. The center three bays of the front facade are sheltered by a two-story porch, supported on the first floor by fluted cast iron Corinthian columns, and on the second by fluted wooden Ionic columns. The main entrance is flanked by sidelight windows and topped by an elliptical fanlight.</p><br>
<p>The interior follows a typical Federal plan, with an expansive central hallway flanked by two rooms on each side. An archway with a leaded fanlight separates the immediate entry area from the spiral staircase that provides access to the second floor. The parlor to the right of the entry is the finest chamber, decorated with original Chinese-style wallpaper and elaborate woodwork, said to be the design of John Holden Greene. The fireplace mantels in this and other first-floor rooms are all Greek Revival replacements.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The house was built in 1810–11 by John Corliss, a prominent Providence businessman, and was originally two stories in height. In 1812 it was purchased by Edward Carrington, who added the third floor and the front porch. The house remained in the Carrington family until 1936, when it was given to the Rhode Island School of Design. It was sold by the school to private owners in 1961, and is not open to the public.</p><br>
<p>It was declared a National Historic Landmark and listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1970.</p><br>
<p>On December 17, 2019, Rhode Island Businessman and former mayoral candidate, Lorne Adrain, announced the purchase of the home for use as the headquarters of his program "Global Fellows in Courage".</p><br>
<p>In 2023, the house was listed for sale with an asking price of $7.45 million.</p><br>
<p>Coronet is a 131 wooden-hull schooner yacht built for oil tycoon Rufus T. Bush in 1885. It is one of the oldest and largest vessels of its type in the world, and one of the last grand sailing yachts of the 19th century extant. After numerous owners and decades of neglect, it underwent an extensive restoration at Newport, Rhode Islands, The International Yacht Restoration School from 2010 to 2022. She was transferred to Mystic Seaport for the final leg of her restoration</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The 131 ft schooner Coronet was designed by William Townsend and built for Rufus T. Bush by the C. & R. Poillon shipyard in Brooklyn. Bush then put forth a $10,000 challenge against any other yacht for a transatlantic race. The ocean race between Coronet and the Caldwell Hart Colt&#39;s yacht Dauntless in March 1887 made Bush and the victorious Coronet famous— The New York Times devoted its entire first page for March 28, 1887 to the story.</p><br>
<p>After winning the 3,000-mile race and the $10,000 purse, Bush decided to sell Coronet and listed the vessel in England for $30,000. Rufus and his son Irving T. Bush then circumnavigated the globe on Coronet in 1888. Coronet was the first registered yacht to cross Cape Horn from East to West. After crossing the Pacific Ocean and stopping in Hawaii, Coronet made port in China, Calcutta, Malta and elsewhere.</p><br>
<p>Coronet was sold before Rufus&#39;s death in 1890 The vessel then passed through six different owners (Arthur E. Bateman, John D. Wing, Arthur Curtiss James, Fred S. Pearson, John I. Waterbury, and Louis Bossert) by 1905. The Coronet circumnavigated the globe several times and was used for a Japanese-American scientific excursion during an eclipse.</p><br>
<p>The Kingdom, a religious organization founded by Frank Sandford, purchased the ship in 1905 for $10,000 and took it around the world on prayer missions, including to Palestine. Coronet took a poorly planned missionary voyage to Africa in 1911 which resulted in six persons on board dying of scurvy. After the voyage, The Kingdom kept the yacht moored at Portland, Maine as well as Gloucester, Massachusetts and owned her until 1995.</p><br>
<h2>Restoration</h2><br>
<p>The International Yacht Restoration School, in Newport, Rhode Island acquired the vessel in 1995 and began its restoration. IYRS added Coronet to the National Register of Historic Places in 2004. In December 2006, IYRS conveyed title of the boat to the in San Francisco to complete the restoration on IYRS&#39;s campus in Rhode Island, where restoration works started in 2010. She was transferred to Mystic Seaport’s restoration facility in December 2022 for the final leg of restoration.</p><br>
<h2>Coronet Gallery</h2><br>
<p>The Newport Artillery Company of Newport, Rhode Island was chartered in 1741 by the Rhode Island General Assembly during the reign of King George II of Great Britain. It is the oldest military unit in the United States operating under its original charter, and the company maintains a museum in its historic armory. The company has served in wars ranging from the French and Indian War to the First World War. Individual members of the Company have served in every war fought by the United States.</p><br>
<h2>Early history</h2><br>
<p>The Newport Artillery was the first chartered independent unit in the Rhode Island Militia. Unlike most colonial era militia units, which served under officers commissioned by the governor, the Newport Artillery was granted the right to elect its own officers. It also had the privilege of being subject only to the orders of the governor, rather than the appointed officers in the colony&#39;s militia structure.</p><br>
<p>After receiving its charter from the Rhode Island General Assembly during the reign of King George II in 1741, members of the Newport Artillery served in the French and Indian War and was led by elite members of the community. Its first commanding officer was Captain Jahleel Brenton (1691-1767). Captain Brenton was the grandson of Governor William Brenton and the father of Jahleel Brenton, Jr. who became a rear admiral in the Royal Navy.</p><br>
<h2>Post Revolution</h2><br>
<p>During the American Revolution, the British Army occupied Newport for almost three years starting in December 1776. As the members of the company had divided loyalties, the company became inactive until 1792 when Francis Malbone, who was elected to Congress the same year, asked the Rhode Island General Assembly to recognize the validity of the company&#39;s 1741 charter. The Assembly found no reason that the charter was invalid and Malbone was elected captain (i.e. commanding officer) of the company.</p><br>
<h2>19th Century</h2><br>
<p>Members of the company followed Newport native Commodore Oliver Hazard Perry to Put-in-Bay, Ohio and fought at the Battle of Lake Erie in September 1813.</p><br>
<p>In 1814, during the War of 1812, the company was activated and garrisoned Fort Greene in the Point section of Newport. The company was inactivated when the Treaty of Ghent, which ended the war, was signed in early 1815.</p><br>
<p>In 1834, a plot of land was donated to the company by Audley Clarke to build an armory.</p><br>
<p>During the Dorr War of 1842 to 1843, the company was one of several militia units to mobilize to suppress the rebellion against the government of Rhode Island. The Artillery Company of Newport volunteered to lead the charge against the Dorr defenses, because of this the unit has the right of line in any parade in Rhode Island to this day.</p><br>
<p>During the American Civil War, the company was mustered into Federal service as Company F of the 1st Rhode Island Infantry (a.k.a. 1st Rhode Island Detached Militia) in April 1861 under the command of Captain (later Brevet Brigadier General) George W. Tew. It fought at the Battle of Bull Run in July and was mustered out of Federal service in August. Individual members of Company F volunteered for service with other regiments after they were mustered out of service in August 1861.</p><br>
<p>Members of the Company who were unable to serve in Company F were designated as the "Old Guard" and garrisoned Fort Adams guarding the entrance to Newport Harbor from April to May 1861 when the fort became the site of the United States Naval Academy which moved to Newport for fear the Confederates would invade Maryland.</p><br>
<p>In 1862 the company was activated to provide the guard force at the newly established Lovell General Hospital at Portsmouth Grove, a few miles north of Newport.</p><br>
<p>During the Spanish–American War in 1898 the company was activated for one week and received training on coast defense guns at Fort Adams so the company could supplement the fort&#39;s garrison in the event Newport was attacked. A number of members of the Company enlisted in the 1st Rhode Island Volunteer Infantry Regiment which served stateside from 1898 to 1899.</p><br>
<h2>Early 20th Century</h2><br>
<p>The Dick Act of 1903 required that state militia units, in order to receive Federal funding and equipment, would have to conform to Federal military regulations in order to be integrated in the National Guard. The Newport Artillery Company, along with several other Rhode Island Militia units, decided to retain the privilege under their charter of electing their own officers and voted not to become a unit of the Rhode Island National Guard.</p><br>
<p>In September 1913 the company, led by Colonel Frank P. King, went to Put in Bay, Ohio to celebrate the centennial of the Battle of Lake Erie. Unfortunately, many of the companys members were sickened by food poisoning during the trip. The company purchased historic reproduction uniforms for the occasion. These uniforms became the basis for Companys colonial uniform which is currently worn.</p><br>
<p>As the company was not part of the National Guard it was not called into Federal service during the First World War. It was, however, called into state service and guarded a railroad bridge connecting the towns of Portsmouth and Tiverton from April to June 1917. A former commander of the company, Colonel Alvin A. Barker, was placed in command of the Rhode Island State Guard (RISG). The RISG was formed to replace National Guard units which had been called into Federal service. the RISG consisted of 16 companies spread throughout the state. The Newport Artillery formed Company F of the RISG. The RISG was disbanded after Rhode Island National Guard units were demobilized following the implementation of the Armistice on November 11, 1918.</p><br>
<h2>Recent history</h2><br>
<p>After the First World War, the Company entered a period of slow decline and was not activated during the Second World War. It was rejuvenated in the early 1960s under the leadership of tobacco heir, and Newport resident, Louis Lorillard. Outfitted with Colonial style uniforms and using original cannons, cast by Paul Revere in 1798, the company began to participate in many military and historic events. During the Bicentennial celebrations in the mid-1970s the Company played a prominent role in many events which included serving as the honor guard to Queen Elizabeth II when she visited Newport in July 1976.</p><br>
<p>Over the next few decades the company has participated in a number of annual events, including the Gaspee Days Parade in Pawtuxet Village, Rhode Island; the Summer Pops Concert in Westerly, Rhode Island, and the June Day election ceremony of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company of Massachusetts in Boston. The company traditionally fires a 21-gun salute to the nation every 4 July at noon at Washington Square in Newport. In 2016 the company celebrated its 275th anniversary.</p><br>
<h2>Current status</h2><br>
<p>The Newport Artillery is a unit of the Chartered Commands of the Rhode Island Militia, of which it is the senior unit. It officers are elected by its members and commissioned by the Governor of Rhode Island. It is also a member of the Centennial Legion of Historic Military Commands, which is composed of military organizations pre-dating 1876. It is currently very active and participates in many ceremonial events each year.</p><br>
<h2>Name</h2><br>
<p>The official name of the company on its 1741 charter is "The Artillery Company of Town of Newport". In common practice, however, the company is referred to as the "Artillery Company of Newport", the "Newport Artillery Company" or the "Newport Artillery".</p><br>
<h2>Armory Building and Museum</h2><br>
<p>The company&#39;s stone and brick armory building, located at 23 Clarke Street in Newport, was constructed in 1835 in the Greek Revival style. The work was overseen by master stonemason Alexander McGregor who came to the United States from Scotland in 1825 to construct Fort Adams in Newport. About 1875 the armory was extended about 50 feet west. It was heavily damaged by a fire in 1906. When the armory was rebuilt later that same year, the second story was added.</p><br>
<p>The armory houses a museum which features an extensive collection of military uniforms from over 50 different nations. The museum also features the uniforms of prominent individuals such as Medal of Honor recipient General David M. Shoup, General Colin Powell, General Creighton Abrams, General William Westmoreland, Fleet Admiral Chester W. Nimitz, Admiral Cameron Winslow, Colonel Katherine Amelia Towle, President Anwar Sadat of Egypt, Admiral of the Fleet Earl Mountbatten of Burma, Field Marshal Viscount Montgomery of Alamein, HM King Hussein of Jordan, HRH Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh and HRH Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester.</p><br>
<p>The museum also contains several artillery pieces including four bronze cannons cast for the state of Rhode Island by Paul Revere in 1798 and a portrait of President George Washington by Jane Stuart (daughter of Gilbert Stuart). A letter from President Washington to the Newport Artillery Company is currently on display at the Museum of Newport History.</p><br>
<p>The Newport Artillery&#39;s armory was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1972.</p><br>
<h2>Notable members</h2><br>
<p>Henry L. P. Beckwith, Jr. - Historian and genealogist.</p><br>
<p>Henry Y. Cranston - United States representative.</p><br>
<p>Christopher G. Champlin - United States representative and senator.</p><br>
<p>William Hunter (Senator) - United States senator.</p><br>
<p>Francis Malbone - United States Senator.</p><br>
<p>Henry Marchant - Colonial governor and delegate to the Continental Congress.</p><br>
<p>William Vernon - Wealthy merchant and President of the Eastern Naval Board during the American Revolution.</p><br>
<p>Brevet Brigadier General George W. Tew</p><br>
<p>Henry E. Turner - Physician, President of the Newport Historical Society and member of the Society of the Cincinnati.</p><br>
<p>Samuel Ward - Colonial governor and delegate to the Continental Congress.</p><br>
<h2>Other Rhode Island historic military commands</h2><br>
<p>Kentish Guards</p><br>
<p>Kentish Artillery</p><br>
<p>Bristol Train of Artillery</p><br>
<p>Pawtuxet Rangers</p><br>
<p>Warren Federal Blues</p><br>
<p>Gloucester Light Infantry</p><br>
<p>United Train of Artillery</p><br>
<p>Battery B, 1st Rhode Island Light Artillery</p><br>
<p>Battery C, 1st Rhode Island Light Artillery</p><br>
<p>Governor William Owsley House, also known as Pleasant Retreat, is a historic house located in Lancaster, Kentucky on USA 27. The house was the home of Kentucky Governor William Owsley. The property has been restored and is now a museum.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The three-story Federal-style house was built in 1804.</p><br>
<h2>Current</h2><br>
<p>The house was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places in 1975.</p><br>
<p>In April 1994, the Garrard County Historical Society purchased the property; and after restoration, Pleasant Retreat opened as a museum in June 1997.</p><br>
<p>It is now (2021) currently owned by a Garrard County local couple. They own the restaurant next to it, they have murder mysteries and hold teas at the mansion to uphold its classic and historic background.</p><br>
<p>The Smithfield Exchange Bank , built in 1822, is located on Putnam Pike in the Greenville area of Smithfield, Rhode Island.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In 1733, Resolved Waterman Jr., a great-grandson of Roger Williams built a tavern to attract business from travelers on this former turnpike road. In 1822 a new owner constructed the present building, the Smithfield Exchange Bank, as an ell attached onto the back of the main tavern building. Another western ell was built onto the tavern, and the two were connected by a cobblestone courtyard. The 1822 bank incorporators were Daniel Winsor (president), Asa Winsor, Stephen Steere, Elisha Steere, Richard Smith, Silas Smith, Nathan B. Sprague, Joseph Mathewson, Dexter Irons, John S. Appleby, and Reuben Mowry. The bank originally provided services to farmers and small businesses throughout northwestern Rhode Island. In 1845 William Winsor became cashier of the institution.</p><br>
<p>In 1856 the Exchange Bank moved next door to a larger brick building. The tavern became a private residence in 1902. The main section of the Waterman Tavern was demolished in 1936 for the construction of USA Route 44, and the ells were altered to stand alone. The former bank ell served as a residence until 1969 for Mrs. Bessie Fish. Other owners included the Evans, Mowry, Whipple, and McLaughlin families, and Cumberland Farms. From 1969 to 2008 the building became greatly dilapidated. In 2000 Cumberland Farms sold the building to the town of Smithfield, and in 2006 it was sold to the Smithfield Preservation Society. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2006.</p><br>
<h2>Restoration</h2><br>
<p>As of 2009, the Smithfield Preservation Society has been fundraising and attempting to restore the tavern, despite an earlier attempt by the town of Smithfield to condemn and demolish the building because it is perceived as an eyesore by some neighbors.</p><br>
<h2>Images</h2><br>
<p>The Smithfield Friends Meeting House, Parsonage and Cemetery, is a Friends Meeting House of the Religious Society of Friends , rebuilt in 1881. It is located at 108 Smithfield Road  in Woonsocket, Rhode Island . The meetinghouse is home to one of the oldest Quaker communities in the region.</p><br>
<p>Rhode Island provided a home to many Quaker refugees in the 17th century, and in the early 18th century a group of "Friends" started this congregation. Their original Meeting House, built in 1719, was connected to a chain of Quaker Meeting Houses that were built along Great Road (near Union Village and Smithfield Road Historic District). It was destroyed by fire in 1881 and replaced by the current structure, a simple wood-frame clapboarded structure with Greek Revival features.</p><br>
<p>The forested area directly to the north of the meeting house is a natural cemetery. Roughly 300 Friends from the 18th and 19th centuries are buried in this land, although only 100 Friends requested a gravestone or marker. The area is not pesticided or mowed. A natural canopy of trees is allowed to grow over the cemetery. Quaker customs frowned on the use and erection of large gravestones or monuments. They also were "advised to avoid all extravagant expenses" with regard to the passing of a loved one. If the family simply had to have a gravestone, a simple one, no more than 15 inches in height above the ground, was allowed. The name, age and date of death of the deceased were all that were to be inscribed upon the stone.</p><br>
<p>In the early 19th century, Smithfield meeting struggled with the issue of abolition of slavery. Some Friends, notably Abby Kelley, may have been actively involved with the smuggling of slaves from Southern ports by ship to Providence, then through northern Rhode Island to Worcester, Massachusetts, and on to Canada. Other, quietist Friends believed in not breaking an earthly government&#39;s law.</p><br>
<p>Smithfield Friends Meeting became a Guerneyite (pastoral) meeting during New England&#39;s schism in the early 19th century. The New England schism ended in 1945. Smithfield continues to be a pastoral meeting, although the practice has become less common among New England Friends.</p><br>
<p>The Slocum and Hannah Howland House is located at 1781 Sherwood Road in the hamlet of Sherwood in Cayuga County, New York.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Slocum Howland (1791-1881) was a Quaker, a notable abolitionist, a businessman, and owner of the Howland Cobblestone Store, also in Sherwood, New York. Slocum was married to Hannah Tallcott (1796-1867)</p><br>
<p>As a station on the underground railroad, Howland helped at least four African American families settle in the area and help many more escape to Canada. He worked closely with William Lloyd Garrison and the American Anti-Slavery Society and established schools for African Americans.</p><br>
<p>The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2006. In 2016, the home collapsed due to neglect.</p><br>
<p>Stanford L&N Railroad Depot, also known as Baughman&#39;s Mill and Stanford Railroad Depot, is a historic train depot located in Stanford, Kentucky. It was built in 1911 and was used by the Louisville and Nashville Railroad.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The original station was built in 1866, with the first train arriving at the station on May 17, 1866. It was the culmination of Ambrose Burnsides goal of easier supply transport in central Kentucky. Burnside had preferred the line from Lebanon to go Danville, Kentucky, not Stanford, but compromised with the L&N, which hoped to use the line to eventually connect to the eastern Kentucky coal mines and to Knoxville, Tennessee. Government assistance for building the line to Stanford lasted for only three months of 1863 and 1864, and the railroad had to pay for further development. The rise of coal mining in eastern Kentucky ensured the usefulness of the depot to the citizens of Lincoln County. Due to the first station, Stanfords economy was finally connected to the rest of the states, and the 1870s and 1880s saw major economic expansion.</p><br>
<p>The current building replaced the previous building in 1911, at a cost of $11,939. The depot served as a railroad terminal until July 8, 1987.</p><br>
<p>The depot was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978, because so many small-town depots were being destroyed.</p><br>
<p>Currently the depot is used as a museum, community center, and park.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The depot is a rectangular frame building placed upon a gentle slope with a red brick foundation. An office for the Stationmaster is the only extension from the mostly rectangular building. Weatherboarding and narrow tongue-and-groove paneling are used in combination to cover the structure&#39;s outside walls.</p><br>
<p>The roof is gable-on-top red tile. The central ridgeline and roof angles all have ornate red barrel tile.</p><br>
<p>There were several individual rooms within the station. When first built, it had a waiting room for women, one for blacks, and a baggage room, and the Stationmaster&#39;s office among them.</p><br>
<p>A similar depot, the Shelbyville L & N Railroad Depot in Shelbyville, Kentucky, was placed on the National Register in 1975.</p><br>
<p>The Cannady–Brogden Farm is a historic home and farm located near Creedmoor, Wake County, North Carolina. Built in 1904, the house is an example of a Queen Anne style, triple-A-roofed, I-shaped building. In addition to the house, other structures on the farm include: a corn crib, a woodshed, a washhouse, a covered well, a chicken coop, a smokehouse, a stackhouse, a packhouse, a machinery shed, a mule barn, a cow shed, and a tobacco barn.</p><br>
<p>In April 2001, the Cannady–Brogden Farm was listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>The James Mangum House is a historic home located near Creedmoor, Wake County, North Carolina. Built in 1838, it is an example of Federal architecture. In November 1974, the James Mangum House was listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>The house stands on the eastern shore of Beaverdam Lake in northwestern Wake County, North Carolina. In the 1970s, the USA Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) acquired the house and land for inclusion in the Beaverdam Recreation Area of the Falls Lake State Recreation Area. The house went through extensive rehabilitation as well as an archeological survey of the immediate grounds by the USACE. In 1992, the NC Division of Parks and Recreation took control of the house as part of Beaverdam Recreation Area.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Referred to by many locals as the Sandling House or Mangum-Sandling House, the James Mangum House is a large, two-story farmhouse, one room deep, with an off-center hall. A one-story section on the north comprises an ell that houses the kitchen. The interior of the house features extensive use of a vernacular Greek Revival-style of woodworking, particularly in the mantel pieces. Architecturally (and perhaps archaeologically) the Mangum House and farmstead represent a significant remnant of the region&#39;s antebellum rural history.</p><br>
<p>In 1874 (some evidence suggests the house was built between 1824 and 1844), Brigadier General James Manuel Mangum (1796–1854) and his wife, Lydia Ferrell Mangum (1790–1874), built the house on Little Beaverdam Creek (present-day Beaverdam Lake, part of the Falls Lake Reservoir Project). It is a two-story farm house that at one time sat on just over 1,000 acre of farmland. It is believed that the house may have been built on land that Lydia inherited from her father, land which became James&#39; property upon their marriage.</p><br>
<p>According to General Mangums last will and testament, all his land and holdings were to be used by his widow, Lydia, with the exception of "the negros" which were to be divided among his children; and upon her death, to be divided up and sold at auction. Lydia, however, lived for another 20 years, until 1874. The final disposition of the Generals property would not take place until 40 years after his death.</p><br>
<p>A man by the name of Henry Kearney Sandling (1831–1892) bought one tract of land on Beaverdam creek on the north side of the Fishdam Road. Known as the house tract, Henry paid $6.76 per acre ($3751.80) for the land. This tract contained the house and all the other outbuildings.</p><br>
<p>Henry fought for the Confederacy during the Civil War. He enlisted as a private in Company I, 55th North Carolina Infantry Regiment on July 14, 1862, at the age of 32. He fought at the Battle of Gettysburg and was wounded on the first day of the battle, July 1, 1863. He was hospitalized and then transferred to a prison at Point Lookout, Maryland. He was paroled on May 27, 1864, and exchanged on April 30, 1863, at City Point, Virginia. Henry was then furloughed May 8, 1864.</p><br>
<p>Henry had been married to Mary Elizabeth Jeffreys (1831–1927) for 20 years when he bought the Mangum house. They had 14 children, and for the next century, these children, their children, and their children in turn occupied the house until it was bought by the USA Army Corps of Engineers as part of the Falls Lake Reservoir Project.</p><br>
<p>As part of her widows dower, Mary Elizabeth Sandling received the house and the house tract on January 31, 1893. According to family legend, sometime in the 1920s Mary had become very hard of hearing. A friend who was visiting one day heard Mary say "I believe I hear thunder." Upon investigating the source of the "thunder," Marys friend found that the west face chimney had partially collapsed. The Masons who repaired the chimney set a plaque into it that reads "M.E. Sandling 1925 J.W.N." Mary occupied the house until her death in 1927.</p><br>
<p>William David Sandling (1867–1931), the son of Henry and Mary, inherited the house. Family tradition holds that Will was a local justice of the peace who often held court sessions in the Mangum house. For more formal hearings, he sat behind a desk in the southeastern corner of the parlor, a first-floor room on the east side of the house. Informal hearings were held on the porch. Will married Zelma Augusta Bailey, the great-granddaughter of General James Mangum. Will lived in the house until his death in 1931.</p><br>
<p>After Wills death, the land on which the house sat was sold to Alvin Turner, a grandson of Henry and Mary. Alvins mother was Anna Sandling (Turner), Henry and Mary&#39;s 9th child.</p><br>
<p>Soon after, the house was turned over to Ben Sandling. Ben was also a grandson of Henry and Mary Sandling (son of Robert Caswell Sandling, 14th child of Henry and Mary). When Ben died, he left the house to his wife, Audrey Bailey Sandling (1920&#39;s to present). Audrey was the last of the Sandling family to live in the house. She visited the house periodically until her death in 2009.</p><br>
<p>Today the house is part of Falls Lake State Recreation Area. It is a private residence that is not open to the public.</p><br>
<p>The Hood–Anderson Farm is a historic home and farm and national historic district located at Eagle Rock, Wake County, North Carolina, a suburb of the state capital Raleigh. The main house was built about 1839, and is an example of transitional Federal / Greek Revival style I-house. It is two stories with a low-pitched hip roof and a rear two-story, hipped-roof ell. The front facade features a large, one-story porch, built in 1917, supported by Tuscan order columns. Also on the property are the contributing combined general store and post office , a one-room dwelling, a two-room tenant/slave house, a barn , a smokehouse, and several other outbuildings and sites including a family cemetery.</p><br>
<h2>Main House</h2><br>
<p>The following is according to national records, which are cited: The house is reached by an unpaved driveway, outlined by a formal aIle of juniper trees that are estimated to be one hundred and fifty years old. Viewed from above, the main house on the Hood-Anderson Farm is L-shaped, made up of an original two-story, east-facing I-plan house with a low-pitched hip roof and a rear two-story, hipped-roof ell that connects with the northern half of the original I-house. Behind the ell to the west is a one-story, hipped-roof breezeway, enclosed in the 1950s, connecting to a one-story kitchen that dates from 1912. The house is set on a foundation of fieldstone piers with some brick piers supporting the additions. The front elevation of the house is three bays wide and is dominated by a large, one-story porch, built in 1917, with a hip roof covered in tin. The porch runs the width of the house and features solid wooden Tuscan columns (purchased In 1912), one at each corner, and four columns, set in two closely spaced pairs, on either side of the wide wooden central steps leading up to the porch. Tuscan pilasters (half-columns) are set against the house at either end of the porch. Photographic and structural evidence indicates that the original porch on the house was narrower and probably had a second story deck with a balustrade onto which a door opened from the upstairs central hall, possibly similar to the porch on nearby Midway Plantation (NR 1970). A photo circa 1888 shows the house with flush boards surrounding the front door; a few flush boards were never removed and are still in place, hidden by the hip roof of the current porch. According to family letters, the upstairs door was made into a window in 1917. Two exterior end-chimneys, well constructed of ashlar masonry, frame the house on either side, serving the four fireplaces in the original one-bay deep I-plan part of the house. The chimney on the north side of the house was rebuilt in the early twentieth century. A couple of stones have fallen from the top of the chimney on the south side. A third, partially enclosed, chimney on the west end of the ell serves its two fireplaces. The front doors open into a central hall that extends through the house to the double back doors, which also have six transom lights. The rear doors have 1/1 beveled panels and are original. A steep staircase with a closet underneath rises next to the front door on the north side. Through the rear doors of the central hall is the L-shaped back porch that borders the west side of the original section of the house and the south side of the ell. The back porch has a hip roof supported by square posts.</p><br>
<h2>General Store</h2><br>
<p>Built in 1854, the General store/post office is a rectangular two-room structure on fieldstone piers with unpainted weatherboard siding and a metal roof. The roof is hipped in the front and gabled in the back. The three-bay front has two sets of original shutter on the windows that flank the entrance. The small back storekeeper&#39;s room has four over four windows and a fireplace served by a cut-stone exterior chimney on the gable end. The interior was finished in plaster and retains its countertops, shelves, and a wooden rack used to separate mail. Constructed to replace an earlier building with the same functions that burned in 1854, it was used as a combined Eagle Rock Post Office and general store from 1854 to 1874, and it remained in use as a store until the early twentieth century when it began to be used for storage. This building is quite important in that it is "the only antebellum store building known to survive in the county". It is in fair condition.</p><br>
<h2>One Room Dwelling (1830s)</h2><br>
<p>The one-room dwelling stands on low fieldstone piers and is covered by unpainted weatherboards and a metal gabled roof. It has a cut-stone chimney at one end and three small four over four windows. The doors are board and batten. The frame is mortise and tenon construction. The interior is unfinished. The building shows signs of decay, and the chimney was damaged by a falling limb in Hurricane Fran. It is located very near the main house.</p><br>
<h2>Barn</h2><br>
<p>Built in 1912, the large barn with a gabled metal roof and weatherboard sheathing has livestock stalls on the ground level and a large, open hayloft above. There is a shed extension on the west side with an entrance wide enough for a buggy or cart. It is painted white and is in good condition. It was previously used to store the tenant&#39;s horses, circa. 1990-2000.</p><br>
<h2>Two-room Tenant/Slave House</h2><br>
<p>Across the road from and south of the main house, there was a one-story, two-room tenant/slave house that had two rooms on either side of a large, central stone chimney. The house was built on fieldstone piers with axe-hewn log floor joists, hand hewn sills, and very wide floor boards. Each room had a single front door and a single, small 4/4 window in the rear. It had a metal gable roof and unpainted weatherboard siding on the exterior. The interior was finished with plaster. The five-panel doors it more recently had were probably added at a later date. This particular building was discussed in The Historic Architecture of Wake County/ North Carolina as a typical example of the type of buildings inhabited by slaves and tenant farmers during the early and mid nineteenth century, and it is noted that few examples of this type survive. It was in fair condition. The insulation contained what appeared to be newspapers. It was torn down by construction company D.R. Horton in mid-2024.</p><br>
<p>In April 1999, the Hood–Anderson Farm was listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>Hearthside is a historic house in Lincoln, Rhode Island at 677 Great Road , at the intersection of Breakneck Hill Road.</p><br>
<p>Stephen Hopkins Smith built this Federal style house in 1810 of fieldstone and it contains 10 fireplaces or hearths. Smith allegedly built the house with winnings from the Louisiana state lottery to unsuccessfully woo a woman from Providence. Frederick C. Sayles bought the property in 1901.</p><br>
<p>Hearthside served as a private residence until 1996 until the town of Lincoln purchased the property and the "Friends of Hearthside", a nonprofit organization, became overseers of the property.</p><br>
<p>The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973.</p><br>
<p>Saint Thomas Episcopal Church is an Episcopal church located at 1 Smith Avenue  in the village of Greenville in Smithfield, Rhode Island.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The present church, a handsome Gothic Revival stone structure, was designed by a prominent local architect, Thomas Alexander Tefft, and built in 1851 on land donated to the new congregation by Resolved Waterman, a Greenville native and prominent businessman. The congregation was established as an offshoot of St. Stephens Church in Providence, which was attended by Waterman and whose officiant, Rev. James Eames, was Saint Thomas first minister. It is one of a small number of surviving designs by Tefft, who designed as many as 25 Rhode Island churches in his career. The rectory, a modest vernacular Queen Anne structure, was built in 1889. The property was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1987.</p><br>
<p>The current minister is the Rev. Dante A. Tavolaro.</p><br>
